Localisation of Frizzled in different planar polarity mutant backgrounds

stanE59 mutant cells (not expressing lacZ, red)

Fz-GFP in a flamingo E45/E59 mutant background

Loss of flamingo leads to a large reduction of Frizzled from the cell junctions. Fmi is required for junctional localisation of Fz.

Image shows stanE59 mutant cells (not expressing lacZ, red).

Note that Frizzled-GFP is lost from all cell boundaries, in particular at the proximal edge of the clone (arrowheads), and that in the adjacent wild-type cells, Frizzled-GFP shows a preference for lying perpendicular to the clone boundary.

Reference

Asymmetric localisation of frizzled and the establishment of cell polarity in the drosophila wing. David Strutt 2001

Fz-GFP in a strabismusA3 mutant

Loss of strabismus disrupts Frizzled junctional localisation and asymmetry.

Loss-of-function clones; mutant tissue indicated by absence of lacZ staining (red). Frizzled-GFP in strabismusA3 mutant

Fz in a stbmA3 mutant background

Fz in a dishevelled3 mutant background

Frizzled localisation is compromised in the absence of Dishevelled.

Dishevelled disrupts Frizzled astymmetry

In dishevelled 3 mutant cells (not expressing lacZ, red). Frizzled-GFP apical localisation was preserved, but no protein asymmetry.

This result was also published in Ressurreição et al. (2018) using dshV26.

Fz in a stbmA3 mutant background

Frizzled in a Diego mutant background

Diego is required for Frizzled-EGFP asymmetric localisation and the formation of puncta.

No published images in the pupal wing.

Frizzled-EGFP in diego380 mutant clones of a Drosophila pupal wing.

Frizzled in a prickle-spinylegs13 mutant background

Prickle is required for Frizzled asymmetry.

In the absence of Prickle, Frizzled puncta are smaller and Frizzled asymmetry is lost.

Fz in a pksple13 mutant background prickle13 mutant

Overexpression

Frizzled-GFP in clones over expressing Strabismus

An increase in Stbm disrupts Fz localisation and reduceses puncta size.

Strabismus is required for Frizzled localisation and asymmetry

Fz-EGFP in overexpression clones using Act-Gal4 UAS-Strabismus marked by lacZ staining (red).

Reference

Strabismus is asymmetrically localised and binds to Prickle and Dishevelled during Drosophila planar polarity patterning. R Bastock, 2003

Frizzled-GFP in clones over expressing Flamingo

An increase in Flamingo increases Frizzled junctional localisation but is a loss of asymmetry.

Flamingo is required for Frizzled localisation and asymmetry.

Anti-Frizzled (in red) with overexpression of ??-Gal4 UAS-Fmi (A version that lacks the ΔPBM) indicated by presence of GFP.

Reference

Differential stability of flamingo protein complexes underlies the establishment of planar polarity. H Strutt and D Strutt, 2008

Fz is lost on clone boundaries when neighbouring cells overexpress Frizzled.

Frizzled in clones, looking at Frizzled-EGFP localisation in cells surrounding the clone

Increased levels of Frizzled inside the clone results in Frizzled in cells outside of the clone to acummulate away from the clone boundary.

Clone of cells overexpressing Frizzled (marked with lacZ, red) at 30 hr APF. The cells outside the clone express Frizzled-EGFP.

Clones were made using Actin-FRT-y-FRT-GAL4, UAS-lacZ (Ito et al., 1997), and UAS-Frizzled (Adler et al., 1997).

Reference

Asymmetric localisation of frizzled and the establishment of cell polarity in the drosophila wing. D Strutt 2001

Looking at Frizzled junctional asymmetry when overexpressing Prickle

UAS-Prickle expressed in the lower part of the image, with Frizzled-EGFP in all cells

Overexpressed Prickle using Engrailled-Gal4 UAS-Pk is marked with a green line.

Overexpression of Prickle leads to an accumulation of Fz at the junctions and also at the junctions outside of the region of overexpression (green arrows)

Reference

Prickle mediates feedback amplification to generate asymmetric planar cell polarity signaling. D Tree, J Shulman, R Rousset, M Scott, D Gubb and J Axelrod 2002

Looking at Frizzled junctional asymmetry when overexpressing Dishevelled

Looking at Frizzled-EGFP localisation in cells surrounding the clone.

Unpublished images of Frizzled-EGFP in a UAS-Dsh overexpression background.